Perhaps one of the top mystery-thrillers of the 1980s; if you like films like "The 4th Man" (1983) or "Body Double" (1984),you'll fancy this one too. Well-constructed twisty-turny plot, virtuoso camerawork, sudden shocks, terrific synthesizer score, supremely good-looking female cast. It's also surprisingly self-reflexive: the character of the writer can be seen as a stand-in for Argento himself, who uses him as a means of addressing some of the most common criticisms made against his films. This is peak Argento. *** out of 4.

By 1982, Dario Argento had moved beyond the constraints of the giallo genre he had helped popularize and started to explore the supernatural with Suspiria and Inferno. According to the documentary Yellow Fever: The Rise and Fall of the Giallo (which is on the Synapse blu ray of this film),the failure of Inferno led to Argento being kindly asked - or demanded - by his producer to return to the giallo with his next film.

Tenebrae is the result and while on the surface it appears to be a return to form, the truth is that it's perhaps one of the most multilayered and complicated films I've ever seen. And while I've always believed that Phenomena is Argento's strangest film - a girl who can talk to bugs befriends a monkey to battle a cannibal child in a foreign country - I have learned that Tenebrae just might be even stranger.

To start, Argento intended for the film to be almost science fiction, taking place five years after a cataclysmic event, in a world where there are less fewer people and as a result, cities are less crowded and the survivors are richer. Argento claims that if you watch this film with this in mind, it's very apparent. While he only hinted that the survivors wanted to forget some mystery event, in later interviews he claims that the film takes place in an imaginary city where the people left behind try to forget a nuclear war.

In truth, this could be an attempt to explain why Argento decided to show an Italy that he never had in his films before. Whereas he spent so much time showing the landmarks and crowded streets that make up The Eternal City, he would now move into a sleek futuristic look, a Rome that exists but that films had never shown its viewers before. This pushes this film away from past Argento giallo such as his animal trilogy and Deep Red, as well as the waves of imitators that he felt undermined and cheapened his work. There are no travelogue b-roll time wasters in this movie - the actual setting is there for a reason; stark, cold and alienating.

Argento had started that he "dreamed an imaginary city in which the most amazing things happen," so he turned to the EUR district of Rome, which was created for the 1942 World's Fair, and intended by Mussolini to celebrate two decades of fascism. Therefore, more than showing a Rome that most filmgoers have never seen, he is showing us a Rome that never was or will be; a world where so many have died, yet fascism never succumbed.

Instead of the neon color palette that he's established in Suspiria or the Bava-influenced blues and reds that lesser lights would use in their giallo, production designer Giuseppe Bassan and Argento invented a clean, cool look; the houses and apartments look sparse and bleached out. When the blood begins to flow - and it does, perhaps more than in any film he'd create before or since - the crimson makes that ending whiteness look even bleaker.

Tenebrae may mean darkness or shadows in Latin, but Argento pushed for the film to be as bright as possible, without the shadowplay that made up much of his past work. In fact, unlike other giallo, much of the plot takes place in the daytime and one murder even takes place in broad daylight.

Again, I feel that this movie is one made of frustration. As Argento tried to escape the giallo box that he himself had made, he found himself pulled back into it in an attempt to have a success at the box office. In this, he finds himself split in two, the division between art and commerce.

As a result, the film is packed with duality. There are two killers: one who we know everything about and is initially heroic; another who we learn almost nothing about other than they are an evil killer. Plus, nearly everyone in this film has a mirror character but soon objects like phone booths and incidents like car crashes begin happening in pairs.

Peter Neal (Anthony Franciosa, Julie Darling) is set up from the beginning of the film as the traditional giallo hero: he is in a foreign place, deaths are happening all around him and he may be the inspiration or reason why they're happening. He has more than one double in this film, but for most of it, his doppelganger is Detective Giermani. The policeman is a writer himself and a fan of Neal's work, claiming the never can figure out who the killer is in his books. Their cat and mouse game seems to set up a final battle; that finale is quick and brutal.

This conversation between the two men sums up the linguistic battle they engage in throughout the film:

Peter Neal: I've been charged, I've tried building a plot the same way you have. I've tried to figure it out; but, I just have this hunch that something is missing, a tiny piece of the jigsaw. Somebody who should be dead is alive, or somebody who should be alive is already dead.

Detective Germani: Explain that.

Peter Neal: You know, there's a sentence in a Conan Doyle book, "When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth."

This last sentence is of great interest to me when it comes to giallo. Normally, these films are not based upon Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, but instead use Edgar Wallace as a touchpoint. They are also filled with red herrings and nonsensical endings where the impossible and improbably often becomes the final answer to the mystery.

Even the movie's plot is split in half and mirrors itself. This next sentence gives away the narrative conceit of the film: the murders are solved in the first half, belonging to Christiano Berti (John Steiner, Shock),a TV critic who interviews Neal. The second murders are all Neal's, who uses an axe instead of a straight razor, and his crimes are personal crimes of passion that aren't filled with the sexual aggression of Berti's; they are quick and to the point. Much of giallo is about long, complicated and ornate murder, as well as trying to identify the killer. As the film goes on, with the main killer revealed and the murders becoming less flashy, it's as if Argento is commenting on the increasing brutality of the genre he helped midwife.

The movie itself starts with the book Tenebrae being burning in a fireplace with this voiceover: "The impulse had become irresistible. There was only one answer to the fury that tortured him. And so he committed his first act of murder. He had broken the most deep-rooted taboo and found not guilt, not anxiety or fear, but freedom. Any humiliation which stood in his way could be swept aside by the simple act of annihilation: Murder."

That's when we meet Neal, an American in Rome to promote his latest work of violent horror, Tenebrae. This bit of metafiction is but the first bit of a film that fuses the real and fictional worlds. Joined by Anne (Fulci's wife Daria Nicolodi) and agent Buller (John Saxon!),Neal begins his press tour.

Before he left, Neal's fiancée Jane vandalized his suitcase. And moments prior to him landing in Rome, a shoplifter (Ania Pieroni, the babysitter from The House by the Cemetery) who stole his book has been murdered by a straight razor, with pages from said book - again, Tenebrae - stuffed into her mouth. Neal has received an anonymous letter proclaiming that he did the murder to cleanse the world of perversion.

Throughout the film, we see flashbacks of a man being tormented, such as a woman chasing down a young man and forcing him to fellate her high heel while other men hold him down. Later, we see the stereotypical giallo black gloved POV sequence of her being stabbed to death.

Next, one of Neal's friends, Tilde and her lover Marion are stalked and killed. This sequence nearly breaks the film because nothing can truly see to follow it. In fact. Tenebrae's distributor begged Argento to cut the shot down because it was meaningless, but the director demanded that it remain. Using a Louma crane, the camera darts over and above the couple's home in a several-minutes-long tracking shot. Any other director would film these murders with quick cuts between the victim and listener in the other room or perhaps employ a split-screen. Not Argento, who continually sends his camera spiraling into the night sky, high above Rome, across a maze of scaffolding; a shot that took three days to capture and lasts but two and a half minutes. In one endless take, the camera goes from rooftop to window, making a fortress of a home seem simple to break into; it's as if Argento wanted to push the Steadicam open of Halloween to the most ridiculous of directorial masturbation. It's quite simply breathtaking.

Maria, the daughter of Neal's landlord, who is presented to us as a pure woman (much of giallo, to use Argento's own words in Yellow Fever: The Rise and Fall of the Giallo, is split between the good girl and the bad woman),is killed when she discovers the killer's lair. Neal mentions that Berti, the TV personality, seemed obsessed with him and his words echoed the letters from the killer. As Neal has now become the giallo hero, he must do his own investigation, taking his assistant Gianni (Christian Borromeo, Murder Rock) to spy on the man. They discover him burning photos that prove he is the killer.

As Gianni watches, Berti says, "I killed them all!" before an axe crashes into his skull. Whomever the second murderer is, the young man can't recall. He finds his boss, Neal, knocked out on the front yard and they escape.

That night, Neal and Anne make love, the first time this has ever happened between the two. And the next morning, Neal leaves his agent's office and discovers his fiancée Jane is secretly sleeping with one of his best friends.

Giermani asks Neal to visit Berti's apartment, where they find that the dead man was obsessed with the writer, but don't discover any of the burnt evidence. The idea that someone could become so obsessed with your work that they'd kill comes directly from Argento's life. In Los Angeles in the wake of Suspiria's surprising international success, an obsessed fan called Argento's room again and agai

TENEBRAE is a vivid and focused giallo film made by Dario Argento at the top of his game. It's a guessing game put on film, an elaborate murder mystery featuring a cast of suspects and a string of notably grisly deaths that make full use of Argento's style and colourful direction. It's certainly up there with the best of the director's output and indeed the best of its genre as a whole.

The storyline, which feels a bit like a non-supernatural Stephen King novel, features an American thriller writer who travels to Italy where he discovers that somebody is using his latest release as a basis for a string of brutal murders. Inevitably, the carefully-staged deaths are the highlight of the movie, and Argento uses all the tricks at his disposal – black-gloved hands, breaking glass, knives, important flashbacks – to make them memorable and inventive.

The twisty-turny plotting keeps you guessing as to the identity of the murderer at all times and indeed as the cast members are gradually whittled down you'll be really scratching your head trying to work out whodunit. The ending doesn't disappoint on that note.

Argento has assembled a decent cast for this film; Anthony Franciosa's belligerent lead dominates the proceedings, but there are also nice supporting turns from John Saxon and Daria Nicolodi. Altogether, TENEBRAE feels fresh and focused, a straightforward yet expertly made addition to a crowded genre.